A Dog's Den Instinct

When speaking of reasons to crate train dogs, manyreturn to that den for the birth of the next litter,
well-meaning dog lovers refer to the "natural denthey may just as easily abandon it altogether.
instinct" of canines. Since we humans are so intenselySo if wolves don't live in dens, and dogs are as close
connected to our private space and sense of shelter,to wolves as you can get, it seems unlikely that dogs
we assume other creatures must be also. Depictionsshould have any "den instinct". Why, then, are dog
in various media have also created the impressioncrates so popular and valuable as training tools? The
that wolves naturally reside in dens. This provides aanswer is simply that dogs are (in this case, unlike
biological justification for crate training- a simplewolves) tractable, trainable animals. They have been
fulfillment of a canine instinct to have an enclosedbred over thousands of years to readily receive
space to call its own. However, as we shall see, thisconditioning from humans, and accept the conditions
particular notion is ill-founded.we place them in. That can mean anything from the
Dogs are the direct descendants of grey wolveshigh-fashion lifestyle of a Paris Hilton "purse dog" to
(Canis lupus), and are nearly genetically identical- onlythe desperate and brutal lives of pit-fighting dogs.
0.2% of their genetic code differs from each other.Dogs have no more instinct to live in a crate than
Wolves in the wild most certainly do not "live" inhumans do to drive a car- but in both cases,
dens. Quite to the contrary, they roam greateducation trumps biology. Crate training is useful
territories, sometimes more than a thousand squarebecause a dog crate is an easy way to restrict a
miles across, in search of food. The only time thatdog's access to inappropriate items or areas. Also,
wolves use dens is for the purpose of breeding. Wolfdogs do develop an instinctual desire to not soil
pups are born blind and helpless, and must have timethemselves with their own waste- therefore,
to develop before being exposed to the rigors ofconfining them to a small area teaches them to "hold
the wider world. Before birth, the wolf pack will dig orit", and aids the housebreaking process.
find a suitable hollowed-out space. This is where theThe point of this article is simply to demonstrate that
mother will give birth, and for the next four weeksapproaches to dog training do not need a spurious
the pups will remain in or close to the den. Even"natural" justification. The reasons to use dog crates
during this time, the mother wolf does notas part of a training regimen are plenty good enough
necessarily live in the den- she may go out to hunt,on their own without fabricating non-existent
leaving another pack member behind to watch thebehavioral elements. Dogs, like people, are intelligent
pups. As soon as they are able to do so safely, theand adaptable, and nurture will generally win out over
pups leave the den to begin traveling and huntingnature. So never mind the talk about "den instinct",
with the rest of the pack. Although the pack mayand focus on "den education".